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1.
West Indian med. j ; 61(4): 437-441, July 2012.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672931

ABSTRACT

Involuntary commitment and custodialization were the principal tenets of British colonial public policy provisions for the management of the violent, disturbed mentally ill in Jamaica and the West Indies. Over the fifty years following Jamaica's political independence from Britain, a community engagement mental health programme has developed through a decolonization process that has negated involuntary certification, incarceration and custodialization, has promoted family therapy and short stay treatment in conventional primary and secondary care health facilities, and has promoted reliance on traditional and cultural therapies that have been extremely successful in the treatment of mental illness and the reduction of stigma in Jamaica. Collaborations involving The University of the West Indies, the Jamaican Ministry of Health and the Pan American Health Organization have been seminal in the development of the decolonizing of public policy initiatives, negating the effects of involuntary certification that had been imposed on the population by slavery and colonization. This collaboration also catalysed the psychiatric training of medical, nursing and mental health practitioners and the execution of community mental health policy in Jamaica.


El compromiso involuntario y la custodialización eran los principios principales de las disposiciones de las políticas públicas coloniales británicas, para el manejo de los enfermos perturbados de sus facultades mentales y violentos en Jamaica y West Indies. Durante los más de cincuenta años que siguieron a la independencia política de Jamaica de Gran Bretaña, se ha venido desarrollando un programa de salud mental basado en el compromiso a través de un proceso de descolonización que ha invalidado la certificación involuntaria, el encarcelamiento y la custodialización, promoviendo en su lugar la terapia familiar y el tratamiento de estancias cortas en centros de salud de atención primaria y secundaria convencional. Asimismo, ha promovido la confianza en las terapias tradicionales y culturales que han sido sumamente exitosas en el tratamiento de las enfermedades mentales, y la reducción del estigma en Jamaica. Colaboraciones que incluyen a la Universidad de West Indies, el Ministerio de Salud de Jamaica, y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud han desempeñado un papel seminal en el desarrollo de iniciativas en materia de políticas públicas descolonizadoras, que anulan los efectos de la certificación involuntaria impuestas históricamente a la población por la esclavitud y la colonización. Estas colaboraciones también catalizaron el entrenamiento psiquiátrico de médicos, enfermeras, y profesionales de la salud mental, así como la ejecución de políticas comunitarias para el cuidado de la salud mental en Jamaica.


Subject(s)
History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Humans , Health Policy , Mental Disorders/history , Mentally Ill Persons , Colonialism/history , Community Mental Health Services/trends , Hospitals, Psychiatric/history , Jamaica , Mental Disorders/therapy , Social Problems/history
2.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-159110

ABSTRACT

Objectives: To ensure availability and accessibility of minimum mental health care for all in the future; to provide sustainable basic mental health services to the community and to integrate these services with other health services; early detection and treatment of patients within the community itself; to see that patient and their relatives do not have to travel long distance to go to hospitals or nursing homes in the cities; to take pressure off the mental hospitals; to change the attitude of people towards mental illnesses by public education. Methodology: Retrospective analysis of OPD records of GMA and District Mental Health Programme (DMHP) to find out the total numbers of patients in the psychiatric OPD of the Mental Hospital, (GMA) Gwalior and DMHP-Shivpuri. Results/ conclusions: The observation showed that with the implementation of DMHP, higher number of psychiatric patients are availing mental health facilities in the community. It was observed that the number of the patients taking institutional care is going down gradually.


Subject(s)
Community Mental Health Services/methods , Community Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Community Mental Health Services/standards , Community Mental Health Services/trends , Humans , India , Mental Health Services/methods , Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Mental Health Services/standards , Mental Health Services/trends
3.
Rev. ter. ocup ; 20(2): 118-125, maio-ago. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-657222

ABSTRACT

As mudanças contemporâneas produzidas pelas novas políticas de saúde mental colocam como desafio central a construção de serviços substitutivos ao hospital, desenvolvidos no contexto da atenção na comunidade. Tal desafio exige um complexo conjunto de condições que implicam, dentre outros fatores, no desenvolvimento de uma nova cultura ética e técnica capaz de criar respostas inovadoras para atenção às pessoas com transtornos mentais. É nesse cenário que se deve discutir a pertinência e a importância do projeto elaborado por Thornicroft e Tansella no "Modelo de Matriz" que é apresentado neste artigo. Nele os autores trazem contribuições fundamentais para alicerçar a nova cultura de serviços e formação profissional pretendidas pelo processo de reforma psiquiátrica. Este modelo pode ser utilizado no planejamento, avaliação e modelagem dos serviços além de trazer instrumentos úteis para a pesquisa em serviços de saúde mental.


The contemporary changes produced by the new mental health policies place as main challenge the construction of substitutive services to hospital, developed in the context of care in the community. This challenge requires a complex set of conditions involving, among other factors, the development of a new ethical and technical culture able to create innovative responses to care of people with mental disorders. It is in this scenario that we must discuss the relevance and importance of the project developed by Thornicroft and Tansella, "The Matrix Model", presented in this paper. There, the authors bring fundamental contributions to underpin the new culture of services and professional training sought by the process of psychiatric reform. This model can be used in planning, evaluation and modeling of services; in addition, it can bring useful tools to the research in mental health services.


Subject(s)
Planning , Professional Practice/ethics , Health Care Reform/classification , Health Care Reform/trends , Community Mental Health Services/trends , Mental Health Services/trends , Mental Health Services/ethics , Occupational Therapy/education , Occupational Therapy/trends
4.
West Indian med. j ; 50(Supl.4): 34-39, Sept. 2001.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-333352

ABSTRACT

This paper reviews the development of mental health services in the Cayman Islands throughout a twelve-year period (1989 to 2001). I was appointed the resident consultant psychiatrist to the islands in 1989, after which time a consultative process between the Ministry of Health, Senior Management of the George Town Hospital and myself allowed the development and establishment of a comprehensive community-based mental health service delivery system (MHSDS), specifically designed to suit the needs of the Cayman Islands. The components of the MHSDS and their evolution in the absence of adequate facilities are reported. The framework for the service is outlined, and the concerns and objectives of the MHSDS are discussed, along with short-term and long-term goals.


Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care/trends , Community Mental Health Services/trends , Patient Care/trends , West Indies , Community Mental Health Services , Community Mental Health Services/organization & administration
5.
Cuad. méd.-soc. (Santiago de Chile) ; 38(4): 33-9, dic. 1997.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-231569

ABSTRACT

Se describen tres etapas históricas del desarrollo de la salud mental en Chile: crecimiento (1952-1973); involución (1974-1989), y consolidación (1990 a la fecha). La docencia de pregrado en medicina destina en 5º año sólo el 10 por ciento del horario de psiquiatría a salud mental. La formación de posttítulo, en psiquiatría durante tres años, asigna 93 por ciento del tiempo a ciencias clínicas, y 7 por ciento a salud mental. El magister en salud pública con mención en salud mental, en postgrado, mejora la situación, dedicando, en los dos años, 25 por ciento del horario a salud pública general y 75 por ciento a salud mental, incluida la tesis. En nueve escuelas de psicología del Mercosur, sólo cinco incluyen salud mental en pregrado, con menos del 5 por ciento de la carga horaria total. Se discute la repercusión de esta falencia formativa, de pregrado y posttítulo, en la implementación del plan nacional de salud mental, del Ministerio de Salud. Se mencionan brevemente los principales centros de formación de personal de Salud Mental en Chile. La formación de personal no profesional en Salud Mental, técnicos y monitores, la desarrollan, principalmente, la Pastoral de Alcoholismo y Drogadicción, de la Iglesia Católica, la Unión de Rehabilitadores de Alcohólicos de Chile y las asociaciones de familiares de pacientes mentales


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Workforce/trends , Mental Health , Mental Health Services , Community Mental Health Services/trends , Education, Medical, Graduate/trends , Education, Medical, Undergraduate/trends , Health Education/trends , Health Personnel/education , Mental Health Associations/organization & administration , Psychiatry/education , Public Health/education
6.
Rev. ter. ocup ; 3(1/2): 54-9, 1992.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-140254

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho se propoe a refletir criticamente acerca do percurso institucional do Centro de Atencao Psicossocial Luiz Rocha Cerqueira, unidade da Secretaria de Saude do Estado de Sao Paulo voltada ao atendimento de usuarios com graves disturbios psiquicos, em geral, quadros psicoticos. Sao discutidos alguns elementos importantes no que se refere ao debate atual sobre os paradigmas e os modelos de atencao em psiquiatria


Subject(s)
Social Support , Mental Health , Community Mental Health Services/trends , Rehabilitation Centers/trends , Community Psychiatry/trends
7.
Rev. ter. ocup ; 3(1/2): 60-4, 1992. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-140255

ABSTRACT

No tratamento das psicoses tem-se utilizado tecnicas nao-verbais, expressivas, de carater terapeutico cujo objetivo principal e a possibilidade desses pacientes construirem um processo proprio onde cada um possa se reconhecer. Este trabalho relata a experiencia de um projeto multiprofissional - espaco de pintura - realizado por tres aprimorandos no Centro de Atencao Psicossocial. Observou-se que este espaco serviu como lugar de referencia para que, esses pacientes, por meio da pintura, se confrontassem com sua producao e a partir disso pudessem construir um sentido proprio.


Subject(s)
Psychotherapy , Psychotic Disorders , Mental Health , Paintings/psychology , Rehabilitation Centers/trends , Community Mental Health Services/trends
9.
s.l; s.n; 1990. 147 p. (México. Secretaría de Salud. Hospital Psiquiátrico Fray Bernardino Alvarez. Trabajos de Investigació, 1). (MX).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-111061

ABSTRACT

Cuestionario de 21 preguntas realizado a 56 familiares de 11 pacientes internados que asistieron a grupos de orientación familiar. Predominan las visitas a hermanos 31 y madre 22; 28 de los encuestados su ocupación es el hogar; y la residencia es 53 del D.F. y 30 del Estado de México. En cuadros está la información y expectativas de los familiares en cuanto a enfermedad y causa; la participación del familiar en el tratamiento y como se lleva con su paciente. La opinión acerca de la atención médica y sugerencias y quejas


Subject(s)
Community Mental Health Services/trends , Family Therapy , Hospitals, Psychiatric , Mexico
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